Thursday, October 31, 2019
Antibody targeted drugs for cancer therapy Dissertation
Antibody targeted drugs for cancer therapy - Dissertation Example Targeting of an antigen that is suitable is done, the conjugate attached to it, which is usually inactive is internalized through endocytosis that is receptor mediated, without undergoing any modification. The conjugate taken thus into the cell is then released into the cell from the lysosome and the cytotoxic activity is then restored. This is the principle behind antibody targeted chemotherapy. Monoclonal antibodies are currently considered as important treatment approaches for malignancy because of their tolerance and also effectiveness in the treatment of various cancers. However, in view of limited scope for clinical trials only a few monoclonal antibodies are approved for clinical use and application against cancer. They not only have a role as anticancer agents, but also have ability to increase the selectivity of various other anticancer agents which are not effective when applied alone. Introduction Classic anticancer treatments include radiation therapy, chemotherapy and su rgical resection. ... eal treatments of cancer where the toxicity is exerted only on tumor tissues and normal tissues are spared, application of monoclonal antibodies for target approach of cancer therapy has found its way. Such an application has revolutionized because of hybridoma technology which has contributed to the production of monoclonal antibodies. When these are used for anticancer treatment, they either target the cancer cells directly, or get exerted after conjugation with cytotoxic drugs or immunotoxins or enzymes (Juntilla et al, 2011). Thus, immunotherapy has become the fourth modality of cancer therapy. Strategies for this therapeutic application are destruction of cancer cells that are directed by immune reaction, interference of the therapy with the growth and differentiation of cancer cells, transport of anti-cancer agents to the cancer cells based on antigen epitopes, anti-idiotype vaccination and finally, development of humanised mouse monoclonal antibodies through genetic engineerin g. Several agents like radionucleotides, toxins and chemotherapeutic agents have been conjugated for anticancer application. These forms of treatment are not only useful following surgical resection but also can be employed in terminal cancer stages (Bodey et al, 2000). In this review, role of antibody mediated cancer therapy will be discussed through review of suitable articles. Monoclonal antibodies Antibodies that are produced from a single type of immune cell are known as monoclonal antibodies. Since these antibodies are basically clones of a single parent cell, they are all identical. Monoclonal antibodies have wide application both in diagnostic and therapeutic clinical arenas (Lambert et al, 2005). Currently, they are used in the treatment of various conditions like cancer, rejection
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
James Berardinelli. “Twelve Monkeys†Essay Example for Free
James Berardinelli. â€Å"Twelve Monkeys†Essay 12 monkeys Introduction            In the movie ‘12 monkeys’ there was a virus which was deliberately released in 1996 and killed more than five billion people. The survivors went to seek refuge into the underground sending volunteers to bring insect specimen from the universe to test for the virus presence. One of the sent prisoners is James cole who goes is given a chance to go back to 1996 but he is taken to 1990 instead. He remembers things as if he was in a dream. Among the things is where he remembers witnessing a man being killed in the airport while he was a child. This is what is always seen to be the Centre stage in whole movie (Lynette, 3). Below is a discussion on how mental illness can be judged on this particular movie for part one, part two discusses the definition of mental illness in regard to the social norms and believes, with part three closing with the discussion of how Coles experience relate to Platos allegory of the cave.            In this film, mental illness is featured in many instances for instance, when Jose mentions that the so called volunteers are said to go mad. This presents a clear show of mental illness in the movie. We also notice cole being locked up in the mental institution with other lunatics, showing that there were other many lunatics present. Goines is definitely crazy or schizoid because of his hallucinating and grandiosity nature. Dr. Railly, the psychiatrist alludes that may be the whole world may be insane. We really don’t understand if cole was really from the futureor was he ‘mentally divergent’. We notice cole questioning his mental capabilities, where he asks himself if it could not be great if he was crazy. Simultaneously the Dr. is convinced that he is from the furfure of which we know that this can not be right (Lynette, 8). If he was really sane and from the furfure, then how can one explain the voice that he hears, the one he calls bum calling him Bob, what of the changing guard faces what of the fact that he is never seen coming or leaving and his memory lapses? We really can’t know the physical divergence he claims to have because one can’t explain his fore knowledge about the boy in the well. The appearances in the world War onephotos and the bullets in his leg. In short, this movie seems to be implying that we may not be mentally ill or weird than the world we live.            Relative to the social believes and norms, mental illness or abnormality can be seen as not being an exact process as it tends to focus on different individuals with different lines of thinking. This relies on different situations, behaviors and context to which the measurement is applied (Weinberger ,2001)            In defining abnormality, people from different societies and countries have varied ideas. Each and every culture has its own concepts of what it considers to be normal or abnormal. This can make us conclude that what is considered as abnormal in one society is not the same in other societies. So, there is no society which is mere superior than the other in their perception of mental illness or one society has got many mental disorders than the other (American Psychiatric Association. 2000).            If we look at the deviation from the norms, something or somebody can be considered abnormal if does not conform to what could be considered statistically abnormal. Those who focus on this aspect, only consider specific aspects. For instance, the intelligence quotient (IQ), the personal traits and their distribution. Asserting that a person is is abnormal in this aspect typically means that they deviate from the numeric average of a specific trait and behavior patterns.            The other mostly applied aspect in examining the mental illness of people is the deviation from the social norms. Naturally, some behaviors are considered as being not accepted in the society, but they can still be expected to be applied in certain situations. The majority of the population knows how to adjust and come along with these changes (Weinberger ,2001). The ones that contradict this are taken as abnormal or mentally ill on the extremes.            Also, a person is considered abnormal if he/she is not functioning correctly in that he or she may lack a full range of emotion and feelings and therefore his life is considered abnormal. These kinds of people can only be able to participate in only limited range of functioning lifestyle(American Psychiatric Association. 2000). Distress can also be used to gauge the mental illness capability of people as it could be an underlying mental problem.            Another aspect in the social norms definition of mental illness is the person’s association with others. If a person relation with others courses people to feel discomfort, it could be taken as these people are not mentally right. Along with this is the people’s unpredictable behavior which could much reflect on their mental health.            The Cole’s experiences relate to the Plato’s’ allegatory of the cave’ as his allegations that the real world may not be what our senses reveal. In relation to the Cole’s experience, we see him moving from one world of the past to the furfure or the vice varsa. In real this could only be a dream or mere imaginations, this alludes that Cole’s experiences could be reflecting Plato’s thoughts or allegations. In his Dialogue with Glaucon, we are not sure of the cave which he was referring to, either it could be the underground that the people had escaped to after the virus struck the universe or the prison where Cole was imprisoned.            When he imagined that the prisoners could think that the sound that they heard were really coming from the shadows, it coincides with Cole seeing the changing face of the guard and that of omnipresence. His concepts on the shadows could reflect Cole’s switching from one world to another. Was what he saw from the 1990 world true or could it his experience from the 1996 and 2035? Which was the truer experience?            On the last part of their discussion with Glaucon, he tells him that they, meaning the government, can not show any gratitude for the culture which they have never received. This could be reflecting the 12 monkeys who had released the virus that almost eliminated the human race according to the film. He said that with education on how to tackle issues, one will be able to defeat these ill minded people, reflecting Cole’s endeavors. References Roger Ebert (1996-01-05). 12 Monkeys.Chicago Sun-TimesLynette Rice (August 26, 2013). 12 monkeys pilot†. Entertainment Weekly James Berardinelli. Twelve Monkeys.Reviews Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences Education, National Research Council. 2000. How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Weinberger, D., Torrey, E.F., and Berman, K. 2001. Schizophrenia PET scan. Retrieved July 13, 2008 American Psychiatric Association. 2000. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition The Allegory of the Cave http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/allegory.html Source document
Saturday, October 26, 2019
Free And Fair Elections Politics Essay
Free And Fair Elections Politics Essay Free and fair elections and functioning electoral systems are the quintessence of democracy. Elections are used to ensure popular support and legitimacy for those who make governmental decisions. [i] An electoral system is the set of processes that determine how political candidates are elected to office. These procedures include the ballot structure, how citizens cast their votes, how those votes are tallied, and how the winners are determined. [ii] Electoral systems are important in many ways. First, they have significant political consequences. Electoral systems shape the nature of parties and party systems, and they affect the behavior of politicians and the strategies of voters. [iii] Additionally, electoral systems have a strong effect on the number of parties and consequently on the nature of competition in the party system. Electoral systems also affect the ways parties are organized and how they function internally. In addition, electoral systems also reveal the preferences of politicians and shape politicians behavior. [iv] Brazil pdf Accordingly, there are a small number of states in the world that have very similar electoral or voting systems but continue to have dissimilar amounts of political parties. These similarities and differences are best illustrated when comparing the United States and France. Despite similar electoral systems, France has numerous political parties while the United States has only two major parties. It would be anticipated that France and the United States would contain a resemblance in its electoral system based upon the information that the original French charter was inspired by the U.S. constitution. [v] Essentially, both states use a first past the post, winner takes all style of electing their Presidents. The United States also uses a unique system called the Electoral College to select a President from available nominees. [vi] This paper will seek to analyze the similarities and differences between France and the United States electoral systems. Firstly, the party system will be compared; secondly the electoral process itself, afterwards the heads of state, the question of reforms and finally the information provided will be summarized. Party System The structure of the party system in France is quite unique compared to other democracies. France has a multi-party system as opposed to the two-party system in the United States, and within those multiple parties, there is a great variety of internal organization. [vii] It was in France that the distinction between left and right first appeared and it is there that this distinction is of particular importance. However, the country has developed a multiple party system, so that the differences between left and right are far from clear. The parties have arranged themselves traditionally in the structure of the National Assembly, from the extreme left to the extreme right. The reason for the numerous amounts of political parties is for the most part historical. Successive regimes have passed, leaving their defenders as political parties or factions. [viii] Therefore, each party then can be identified with a preferred constitutional form and they each have their own particular ideology. France has gone through a succession of revolutions and regimes in which the new order never succeeded in entirely eradicating the advocates of the old. The older doctrines and their defenders have found that the Cartesian tradition, which is a tendency to pursue theoretical distinctions to the end, has encouraged their survival. [ix] The Third and Fourth Republics knew two electoral systems, both of which encouraged proliferation: proportional representation which assures each tiny party of its share of representation and therefore does not discourage the voter from exercising a marginal differentiation in casting his vote, and the single-member constituency system combined with the second ballot which encouraged a multiplication of candidates, and therefore of parties, especially on the first round. This system of many parties inevitably produced political weakness and cabinet instability. [x] Now, in the Fifth republic, (enacted in 1958), the electoral system in France depends on the size of the municipality. In municipalities with more than 3,500 inhabitants, the first half of the seats is allocated on the basis of absolute majority and the dHondt method of proportional representation is used to distribute the second half of the seats between lists that received at least five per cent of the votes. Municipalities with up to 3,500 inhabitants elect councils on the basis of absolute majority. [xi] In contrast, the American system as previously stated, is based on a two-party system, even though third parties exist. This results in clearly defined political lines in the United States, without the formal need for coalition-building often required to create a ruling majority in a parliamentary system. [xii] One factor contributing to the two-party system in the United States is the single-member district system of electing Representatives. Single-member meaning means that whoever receives a plurality of the vote (that is, the greatest number of votes in any given voting district) is elected. [xiii] Moreover, the Republican and Democratic parties are the two main political parties in the U.S. The Republicans and Democrats have dominated American politics since the 1860s, and every president since 1852 has been either a Republican or Democrat. [xiv] Despite that fact, so-called third parties and independent candidates remain a part of American politics. Most third parties have tended to flourish for a single election and then die, fade, or be absorbed into one of the major parties. [xv] Presidential Electoral Process The national election for the president of the United States is held every four years. These elections are far from straightforward in terms of its organization. The procedure for a national election goes on for a year. [xvi] A party must present nominated people to stand for election. Of those nominated, only one is selected by the party delegates at the national convention. This person then goes on to represent that party in the national presidential elections. The running mate for the presidential candidate is also announced. Moreover, the structure of primary elections can differ from state to state. Some delegates are elected in a straight first-past-the-post system while other states use a form of proportional representation to give a greater spread of representation among the delegates sent to a national convention. [xvii] The delegates, when at a convention, vote for a candidate to run in the presidential election. After the national conventions, the two partie s presidential hopefuls can focus on campaigning for winning the presidential elections. [xviii] A unique feature of the American system is the Electoral College. When Americans vote for a President and Vice President, they actually vote for presidential electors, together as the Electoral College. The Constitution assigns each state a number of electors equal to the combined total of its Senate and House of Representatives delegations; at present, the number of electors per state ranges from three to 55, for a total of 538. It is these elector-candidates, rather than the presidential and vice presidential nominees, which the citizens vote for in the election. In most states, voters cast a single vote for the slate of electors pledged to the party presidential and vice presidential candidates of their choice. The slate winning the most popular votes is elected; this is known as the winner-take-all, or general ticket, system. Separate ballots are cast for President and Vice President. The electoral vote results are counted and declared at a session of Congress. A majority of elec toral votes (currently 270 of 538) is required to win. [xix] In the recent American elections in 2008, Democratic candidate Barack Obama won the election with 53% of the popular vote along with 365 electoral votes over Republican candidate John McCain. [xx] In comparison, in the French system, candidates for the Presidency must obtain 500 sponsoring signatures of elected officials from at least 30 departments or overseas territories. The post is directly elected in a two-stage voting system. A candidate who receives more than 50% of the vote in the first round is elected. However, if no candidate receives 50%, there is a second round which is a run-off between the two candidates who secured the most votes in the first round. Nicolas Sarkozy, from the ruling UMP, won the second round of the Presidential election in May 2007. He gained 53% of the vote, finishing six points ahead of his Socialist rival, Sà ©golà ¨ne Royal. [xxi] Duties of the Head of State The constitution of the French Fifth Republic was approved by public referendum on September 28, 1958. It greatly strengthened the powers of the executive in relation to those of Parliament. Under this constitution, presidents were elected directly for a seven-year term since 1958. However, beginning in 2002, the presidential term of office was reduced to five years and a constitutional reform passed on July 21, 2008 which limits presidents to two consecutive terms in office. The president names the prime minister, presides over the cabinet, commands the armed forces, and concludes treaties. Traditionally, presidents under the Fifth Republic have tended to leave day-to-day policy-making to the prime minister and government; the five-year term of office is expected to make presidents more accountable for the results of domestic policies. [xxii] On the contrary, the American presidents chief duty is to make sure that the laws are implemented. Presidents appoint all cabinet heads and most other high-ranking officials of the executive branch of the federal government. They also nominate all judges of the federal judiciary, including the members of the Supreme Court. Their appointments to executive and judicial posts must be approved by a majority of the Senate. The president is also the commander in chief of the US military and has unconstrained authority to direct the movements of the navy, land and air forces. The president has the power to make treaties with foreign governments, though the Senate must also approve such treaties by a two-thirds majority. Finally, the president has the power to approve or veto bills passed by Congress, though Congress can override the presidents veto by summoning a two-thirds majority in favour of the measure. [xxiii] Electoral System Reform? With respect to proposals by some American scholars and policy makers to get rid of the U. S. Electoral College system, most reformers advocate for a direct popular vote in the French manner and most also advocate a runoff (also like the French system) in the event that no candidate receives majority support (or or a lower figure such as 40%) in a first round election. But there are many Americans who believe that two presidential elections within a period of a few weeks would be too much. [xxiv] Moreover, The French are starting to embrace the concept of having primaries like the Americans. Even though these are not yet systematically organized, they are helpful in sorting out the candidates of each political party. In 2006, for example, the Socialist Party fielded three candidates, and party activists chose one of them, Segolà ¨ne Royal, to represent them. It is not that unlikely to see that same process expanded in future presidential elections. [xxv] Conclusion While comparing United States government to French government there are many similarities and differences discovered. To reiterate, France and the United States citizens elect the president of the republic, and both democracies do it by universal suffrage. The French, on the other hand, prefer a direct election. In other words, a two-round electoral process in which any French citizen can become a candidate given that they collect 500 signatures endorsing their candidacy. The Americans however have a different method. Every state chooses by popular vote a list of electors, each of whom represents one candidate. The list pledged to a candidate who wins a simple or absolute majority of votes takes all of the states Electoral College seats (essentially winner takes all). [xxvi] This two-step election process takes into consideration both American demographics and political equality among the states of the Union, which is quite different from the French system. [xxvii] Fr ance is a representative democratic republic like the United States. France differs from the United States in political organization. The difference is that the political power in France is split between the president and a prime minister, who leads the political party that holds majority in Parliament. [xxviii] In addition, France is characterized by its multi-party system, whilst the United States is seen as a two-party system, even though third parties do exist. Also, Relations between France and the United States have become friendlier after Nicolas Sarkozy was elected President of France. In 2007, Sarkozy delivered a speech before the U.S. Congress which was a strong affirmation of French-American friendship. During his visit he met with President George W. Bush as well as Senators John McCain and Barack Obama. This visit took place before the two senators were chosen as party nominees. [xxix] Both also met with Sarkozy in Paris after securing their respective nominations in 2008; after meeting Obama in July, he was quoted saying Obama? Cest mon copain which means Obama? Hes my buddy. Because of Obamas and Sarkozys relationship, relations between the two countries are expected to improve further. [xxx]Â
Friday, October 25, 2019
Intelligence is Key Essay examples -- Art, Celtic Literature
Celtic literature features a full complement of female characters that deserve recognition; from warriors and rulers, to helpmates and daughters. Female characters, like their male counterparts, are often motivated by emotion. The Morrà gan and Macha, act out of anger, disrupting a hero or cursing generations to come. Others such as Fà ºamnach, act out of jealousy, causing a chain of events to unfold. However, the women who incite or prompt action due to their intelligence or wit – Rhiannon, Emer, Medb, Nes, and Mac Daa Tho’s Wife – are arguably the most complex and intriguing. Rhiannon purposefully, and with thought, gains the attention of the King Pywll and uses him to avoid an unwanted marriage. Rhiannon appears to King Pywll and his retainers halfway through branch one of The Mabigoni, on three consecutive days, riding a horse that even-paced cannot be caught. On the third day, Pwyll himself rides after her, only able to catch up after requesting her to wait. They begin conversing, and in a single exchange Rhiannon both declares love for Pwyll, and announces her engagement to another. She temps him: â€Å"I have never desired any man, and that because of loving you†, then announces her unavailability (â€Å"Pwyll,†45). Rhiannon essentially ensnares Pwyll, allying herself with him and ensuring he will go against her current suitor, Gwawl son of Clud. This strong female character even directs Pwyll’s actions in attaining her hand. When her former suitor arrives at her wedding, Pywll rashly promises anything he wants, not knowing the man’s identity. Rhiannon rebukes Pwyll: "Never has a man been more feeble-witted than you,†then lays out three-part plan to ensure that Gwawl shall never attain her (Ford, 46). This intelligent woman ... ...ces that: â€Å"Sleeplessness has come to Macc Da Thà ³Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s house/ He has need of advice but speaks to no one†(Gantz, 181). She suggests that her mind may comprehend what his cannot, and he tells her his blunder, that he promised the hound to two. She suggests that he â€Å"give the dog to both sides- [and] let them fight over it,†(Gantz, 181). This would prevent one party from picking up the hound, and then the other party arriving and attacking him in anger. Though her plan does not go as hoped, she does offer a solution, and protects her husband from blame (the two parties are too engrossed with each other). Celtic mythology features a full complement of women who play an important role. Rhiannon, Emer, Medb, Nes, and Mac Daa Tho’s Wife use their intelligence to help further themselves, to enable those they love, or to protect. They create kings, heroes and alliances.
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Capstone Project Essay
Introduction The use of network services is increasing the management amount of copper and fiber cabling. This results in an ever increasing workload that must be maintained or reconfigured; resulting in challenges to organizational profitability. One of the challenges that arises is how does an administrator maintain a complex work environment when increased profits, fewer capital and operating resources are limited. One might suggest growing a complex network infrastructure requires operation efficiency with a desire to manage and protect cables without interrupting the workflow for clients. However, given the challenges affecting wireless service providers; maintaining focus and quality are just the fundamentals. The administrator is limited to the organizations profitability and cost variance when determining the best approach. These factors play a role which will likely affect the infrastructure as a whole. It is interesting enough to point out that towards the perspective of a network administrator; an issue should remain dormant and should never happen when the proper implications are set in place. However, because we live in an intractable world the possibility for a scenario is plausible. Capstone Proposal Summary As a volunteer for a network security survey for Aon Corp; the following survey was designed to point out vulnerabilities within the organizational network servers specifically under the surety office location where class mates using workstations were experiencing frustrating issues pertaining to network instability. The survey was intended to identify on whether security implications were required so that an upgrade request may be delivered. A staff meeting was set in place where we interviewed the client regarding their needs. It is always a good choice to understand the fundamental needs of the client prior to making any changes to the network. After spending several hours brainstorming the client’s demands a solution has been reached. The project setting has been laid out clearly. During my timeframe interviewing the client I have gained the necessary background knowledge to understand my client’s visions building a strong mutual connection. Understanding this connection has entitled me to diagnose the network accordingly. As a part of the survey Aon Corp has several requirements prior to jumping into the project. First it was mandatory to inspect the minimum system requirements of the client machines. In the past latency issues have derived primarily to out of date hardware or device drivers as opposed to a security breach. It is always a wise choice to update these configurations while running the appropriate operating system updates which may all be contributing factors. During the prerequisite stage of the survey the required information is gathered to develop an effective network survey which would alleviate resource constraint. Rational & Systems Analysis It is always a wise choice to research similar case studies that may provide beneficial information relating to similar scenarios. I have done as such building my understanding of these scenarios which has a given me some background to my clients concerns. Several user friendly applications have offered me assistance analyzing security loop holes. They are the Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer (MBSA) and Windows Server Update Services (WSUS). With accordance to the Microsoft website; the Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer is a user friendly tool emphasized for technicians with a focus on assisting medium sized businesses. The tool focuses on the security state of the network with accordance to Microsoft recommendations providing guidelines and support. The user may download Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer (MBSA) from Microsoft.com as it is a well-known tool for all IT technicians. Once the tool has been successfully installed the administrator has the ability to scan multiple end users on the local network median. Upon completion of the scan the user is delivered a report highlighting potential threats along with missing updates. Some of these updates may include missing application patches, operations system updates, and advised the user on whether a Windows firewall is running. MBSA has the ability to examine administrative accounts along with password policies. See Figure A for example. Figure A As technology advances, administrative technicians need to adjust to the challenges ahead. Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer is a great tool to maintain the integrity of your network infrastructure. Scott Lowe (2004), a Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer, said the following regarding the Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer: â€Å"Supporting a huge number of Microsoft applications, MBSA can serve you in two ways. First, it will help you keep your servers protected from problems; second, with powerful reporting capabilities, it can help you actually learn why you need to do the things that are suggested so you can make an educated decision as to whether something is an acceptable risk in your environment.†Project Goals and Objectives The objective towards the following project was to initiate a plan to upgrade Aon Corp network infrastructure alleviating latency issues better improving the efficiency and flow of data across the network median. A current unstable network prolonged business growth capacity making it difficult for end users to utilize resources effectively. Without the essential resources company growth was at a bottleneck. Breaking down the goals and objectives for the following project was essential in providing a remedy to the issue, they are as follows: Client must receive a current system image snapshot -Survey of a workstation must be documented -Survey of a server must be documented -Microsoft Baseline Security tool must be run saving each workstation along with the server A scheduled protocol plan must be provided articulating details for the client on overall performance and network stability. Client must be advised of a detailed schematic for preventative measures along with upkeep Client must be given an instructional manual for managing updates related to the operating system and antivirus software Client must be given an estimate on productivity along with return of investment In order to present the deliverables to the client; a solid fundamental understanding of the clients requirements must be developed. Acquiring a background understanding is essential in order to understand the business process and what the client wants to achieve out of their network infrastructure. Without understanding the big picture the project would certainly fail. Pre-SurveyClientMeeting The goal and objective here was to initiate a meeting with the client to discuss the business orientation and the process relations to their workstations. The clients company being a training institution; certain software was required in order for the firm to achieve their business goals. The applications required minimum system specs in order to run efficiently. During the preliminary phase of the meeting the business model and goals were discussed. Operational hours were taken into consideration as a set schedule was established for performing the survey. As the meeting came to an end a survey schematic was brought to the client’s attention in order to calculate return on investment upon project completion (refer to Appendix 2). The success of the meeting was met and the first objective was complete. Upon the completion of the survey the client was provided with an executable plan laying out the details of the upgrade and preventative measures. However, the full execution will be help outside the Capstone; it will be the key highlight to the success of the business goals. Network Security Survey As a prerequisite to the survey several spreadsheets having been compiled for capturing images of data (refer to Appendix 3 along with Appendix 4). The first document entitles end user computers and second focuses on servers. As for the MBSA scans for each workstation; a thumb drive was used to save the results. Prior to beginning the survey an update was brought to my attention from the client that others may be working on these end-user machines as well. Because of my failure to follow through during the phone meeting advising of the time schedule, I needed to contact the other administrators advising them of my presence. Fortunately, as I arrived at the designated project site there were many computers to survey. I began to survey the end-user machines not being surveyed. About 3 minutes elapsed for each workstation to survey; running Microsoft Baseline Security (MBSA) took about 11 minutes. Unfortunately, I have missed my goal of reaching the estimated number of computers being surveys as discussed in the preliminary meeting. The survey elapsed more time than I have predicted. On the other hand it was pleasant to know that the other administrators finished their portion of the project just in time before I got to them. Surveying the workstations went according to schedule, however, as I approached the servers several problems aroused. The list of passwords the client provided did not contain the correct characters as I attempted to log into the domain controller. The owner has left the building and was unable to achieve my goal with surveying the servers as planned thus leaving my network security survey incomplete. The following day the owner has been contacted and a scheduled return visit was planned. As the domain controller was surveyed; the security network part of the survey has been successfully completed. Despite the minor issues the survey went flawless; I would have followed through with the client more efficiently if the same scenario would have repeated itself. The desired goal has been achieved and a data image has been captured so the proposal upgrade can be finalized. Proposal Upgrade Preparation The upgrade proposal was designed to contain the following suggestions. Configuration of the Domain controller Configuration of the server Configuration of the workstation Suggestions for Malware/Antivirus Report for ROI Security guide for the end-user Timeline of Upgrade As assumptions defining the network configuration have been made. Unknowingly an assumption was made that the domain controller is established as the default gateway, DNS and DHCP server. I came to understand that their infrastructure was split into four subnets. ISA server was in between the ISP acting as NAT, DNS, DHCP, and RRAS server. Logically understanding that their domain controller was their default gateway, DHCP, and DNS server; the services were contained on the internal network. Failing to understand the possibility of a network perimeter my assumptions were incorrect. Eventually I was able to complete each task item provided above; a presentation with the client would finalize this portion of the project. The task was completed, however, not within the desired timeframe. Presentation Proposal As the completion of the proposal has been achieved a client meeting has been scheduled. The agenda of the meeting is as follows: 1. Discussing survey results (network state) 2. Hardware discussion / software suggestions 3. Projected ROI and cost 4. Questions 5. Schedule implementation Despite the presentation lasting 2 hours it was a success. Proper planning along with a satisfying network survey were the predecessors leading to this success. The network survey went very smooth and efficient. The proposal was straight to the point and meaningful for the client. As the following goal completed and the deliverables presented to the client project completion has been achieved. Due to the clients satisfactions with the deliverables the project has moved forward to the next portion of the upgrade phase. Project Timeline The timeline of the project was compiled using a Gantt chart from the software Microsoft Office Project 2012. The project plan along with the details are listed in Figure B. As indicated in Figure B, the project time frame was expected to take 238 days.  Several areas took time constraint. First the network survey as previously indicated where I failed to follow through with the client after the preliminary phase of the meeting. This resulted in the client scheduling students on campus on the same timeframe as the survey. Fortunately, there were enough end-user computers to perform the survey. In time the remainder of the students have left the building freeing up those workstations as well. Forgetting to get a confirmation of the amount of workstations at the preliminary meeting indivertibly resulted in my underestimation of the amount of time it would take to survey the total amount of workstations. The client password list for the domain controllers portrayed to be the only problem I have run into when performing the survey resulting in a setback. Because I have forgotten to request the following information from the client; the survey was setback from the estimated time for completion; resulting in a day setback. Compiling the proposal was another task that was miscalculated. Fortunately, I was able to finalize the project in one day thus keeping the project within the constraints of the timeline. Client satisfaction was the ultimate goal as they were very grateful. It is expected that situations as such will not always go accordingly to plan; however, without the clients support the project would not have gone as smooth. Planning a larger margin while taking a less aggressive attitude at the preliminary meeting would have avoided such issues. Project Development During the preliminary development of the following project, Aon Corps network infrastructure was heading in an unknown direction pertaining to its economic success. Instabilities in their security policy, workstations were exponentially getting slower each day. Students along with testers were losing hope in the integrity of the company. Their mindset was affecting performance along with business profit opportunities. The project I was assigned to revolve around building a business by updating their network infrastructure to a level of efficiency. The concentration of the project focused on performing an upgrade solution that would provide this efficiency to the client. Original snapshots of the network were based in the upgrade proposal plan which was used to optimize the network. The optimal goal of the project was to implement a network infrastructure that would be secure. Just like all problems issues aroused during the progression of the project. Students were scheduled to be in the building at the time of the survey; a work around was developed as I was able to hinder another classroom. Upon completion of the workstations I was able to come back to the student’s classroom which was cleared. Rearranging the order of the computers that have been surveyed the issue was concealed. Another situation that derived during development happened when I discovered that the client has given me the incorrect domain controller password list which did not contain the server administrative passwords. The lack of the following information would have definitely resulted in the project failing. Rescheduling the visit with the owner has alleviated this scenario. Unfortunately, because of the rescheduling the timeline has been pushed back preventing me from completing the project within the completion period. Anticipating that the network domain controller would be a configured as a default gateway. Assumptions were proven wrong and the configuration process to longer than expected. Due to an ISA server on the network perimeter changes to the configurations proposal had to be made. Creating an ROI report was another unanticipated event that was requested upon the client. Determining the monetary cost was difficult when comparing the proposed and current network conditions. Consequently, changes had to be made to the customer question business survey to assist me in these calculations. Gracefully, the client was able to agree upon these terms. Actual and Potential Effects Majority of the following section will focus on potential effects due to the project being a proposal. The project effects can be conceived by indicating that the client had a clear perspective towards the network infrastructure and how in its previous state it has manipulated business continuity. The client experienced the previous state and was provided with a schematic to the current stable state. Empowering the client with the details providing them with a clear understanding influenced them to take action thus changing their network infrastructure to one that works efficiently. The potential positives to the following plan are as follows. Should the client comply with the proposal providing the solution to their network; they will be rewarded with a network that is optimally configured. This will result in network operating efficiency and business processes will maintain its integrity. Less classroom interruptions will arouse related to workstation issues. Students taking tests will be less frustrated due to server crashes along with workstations. Customer confidence in Aon corp will increase. The potential of business growth will result from the following project. There will be an ease of urgency related to network related issues. The organization can now focus on its business model focusing on their clients. Conclusion The capstone portrayed to be exciting yet challenging providing to be rewarding as well. In terms of goals and objectives I believe that it was successful. Client satisfaction has been achieved as each goal and object has been delivered. The reason why it was so successful and effective is due to the methodical planning prior to the initiation of the project. The necessity of preparation along with the preliminary client meetings has given me the fundamental understand on how to start building the project. Building a plan has given me an effective tool to deliver the clients expectations. Attention to detail along with effective communication were advantage points that designed an effective proposal. The client was efficient in being proactive by understanding the problem at point and expressing their concerns. Together a proposed plan has been derived that would act as a roadmap to that optimal network infrastructure. Flexibility and client patience played an important role during the hiccup moments of the project. The ability to determine alternative routes in an event of hitting a wall is essential to the success of any project. As the project manager it was my pleasure to achieve the client’s deliverables along with the satisfaction that they truly deserve. References Keystone Strategy, Inc Study (2005). Why IT Matters in Midsized Firms. Retrieved January 31, 2007 from http://www.key inc.com/it_matters.shtml. Lowe, Scott (2004). Verify security settings on Windows XP using Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer 1.2. Retrieved June 23, 2007 from http://articles.techrepublic.com.com/5100-1035_11-5221961.html. Microsoft (2007). City of Stratford Brings Down the Curtain on its Legacy System with Server Upgrade. Retrieved June 23, 2007 from http://www.microsoft.com/canada/casestudies/cityofstratford.mspx. Microsoft (2007). Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer. Retrieved June 23, 2007 from http://www.microsoft.com/technet/Security/tools/mbsahome.mspx. Microsoft (2007). Windows Vista Capable and Premium Ready PCs. Retrieved January 31, 2007 from http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/windowsvista/buyorupgr ade/capable.mspx. Sherman, Erik (2007). Investing in IT for a Competitive Edge. Retrieved January 31, 2007, from http://www.microsoft.com/business/momentum/content/article.aspx?c Appendix 1: Capstone Competency Matrix The graduate responds appropriately to diversity issues in the workplace. Implements an intuitive understanding of cultural and religious backgrounds; open to opinions in an attempt to understand diverse perspectives within the organization. Upper Division Collegiate Level Reasoning and Problem Solving The graduate analyzes open-ended problems by learning about the problem and evaluating the accuracy and relevance of different Quality control is effective at determining common occurrences in issues; therefore, updating rules/protocols alleviate the issue at point. Upper Division Collegiate Level Reasoning and Problem Solving The graduate recognizes the value of critical thinking in identifying and understanding the underlying structures of disciplines and professions. Organizational issues are indifferent each day; critical thinking along with brainstorming are essential in order to research a resolution to problematic issues. Upper Division Collegiate Level Reasoning and Problem Solving The graduate demonstrates effective presentational communication strategies in a given context. Applies trial and error to mimic the problem; then applies extensive research in reaching a solution to the issue. The research along with the problem is then logged as evidence for future claims. Language and Communication The graduate applies foundational elements of effective communication Communicates effectively in a stressful environment providing attention to detail. Language and Communication The graduate demonstrates effective presentational communication strategies in a given context. Evaluates graphical representation software to determine a flaw or an instability in performance/security of the organization. Security The graduate identifies and discusses basic concepts of security and security threats, and recommends security procedures. Implements a secure environment for each individual client PC; educating users on the importance of potential threats to network security. Security The graduate identifies security needs and recommends appropriate security practices for network infrastructure. Educates staff on the importance of implementing sufficient tools and policies in an attempt to protect the integrity of data crucial to the organization infrastructure.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Free Essays on Eveline
Summary The short story „Evelineâ€Å", written by James Joyce in 1904 and published in 1914 as the fourth of fifteen short stories in „Dublinersâ€Å", deals with the problems of a young girl who isn’t able to leave home because of feelings of responsibility and obligation. Eveline Hill is a 19-year old girl, who works in a department store in Dublin, where she is criticised and ordered around. Since the death of her mother she manages the household and cares for her two younger siblings. Having decided to leave Dublin and her family Eveline sits at the window one evening and considers if she acts the right way. Playing a special melody, a street piano player reminds Eveline of the promise she gave her dying mother, which says that Eveline would care for the family as long as she could. But Eveline also thinks about her mother’s sorrowful and self-sacrificing way of life, which ended in madness. She doesn’t want to suffer the same fate because her father often threatens her with violence and they always have arguments about the housekeeping money. After leaving two farewell letters for her brother Harry and father behind, Eveline walks to the harbour where her boyfriend Frank is waiting for her. He wants to sail with Eveline to Buenos Ayre s, where they would marry and have their own home, what gives her the chance to start a new life. Arriving at the quay, where the ship is ready to take off, Eveline gets into an inner conflict and doubts the rightness of her decision. Asking god for help and clinging to the railing, she is not able to follow Frank and remains in Dublin.... Free Essays on Eveline Free Essays on Eveline EVELINE In James Joyce’s â€Å"Eveline,†Eveline, the young Dublin girl has a life that she wants to leave. She realizes the hardships in her life, and sees that they are the same as her mothers. Not wanting to live the same life as her mother, she plans to leave with a young sailor named Frank. Eveline has to pick from two things: to stay at home or to leave for a life that is unknown to her. She has three things to look at in her decision to leave. One, her father; two, Frank; and three, her home. At home, she has the comfort that she has known her whole life, but if she leaves, she knows that she will have a mystery that has to be discovered by her. The first point is her father: Her father is a difficult man who is hard to handle. He takes her money that she works for because he feels that she will spend it on silly things. He then gives her a hard time about the money he does give her on Saturday nights so she had to rush to buy Sunday’s dinner that night. She also feels that she is in danger of her father’s violence. She loves her father even though he beat her brothers when she was younger, but with her being the only one there to take care of him, he turns his violence to her. However, with the arguing and the fighting; it gives her heart palpitations. Even though she has a fear of her father, she has some good memories of him. She remembers that he had read her a ghost story when she was sick and that when she was younger how that he had put on her mothers bonnet to make them laugh (Joyce 526). When Eveline meets Frank, she realizes that with him she could escape her world and that she could begin a new life of adventure and excitem ent. When her father finds out about Frank, he forbids her to see him; but she goes against her fathers orders and meets him secretly. The second point is Frank With Frank, Eveline is able to see that he can open new doors for her. He can take to parts of the world tha... Free Essays on Eveline Summary The short story „Evelineâ€Å", written by James Joyce in 1904 and published in 1914 as the fourth of fifteen short stories in „Dublinersâ€Å", deals with the problems of a young girl who isn’t able to leave home because of feelings of responsibility and obligation. Eveline Hill is a 19-year old girl, who works in a department store in Dublin, where she is criticised and ordered around. Since the death of her mother she manages the household and cares for her two younger siblings. Having decided to leave Dublin and her family Eveline sits at the window one evening and considers if she acts the right way. Playing a special melody, a street piano player reminds Eveline of the promise she gave her dying mother, which says that Eveline would care for the family as long as she could. But Eveline also thinks about her mother’s sorrowful and self-sacrificing way of life, which ended in madness. She doesn’t want to suffer the same fate because her father often threatens her with violence and they always have arguments about the housekeeping money. After leaving two farewell letters for her brother Harry and father behind, Eveline walks to the harbour where her boyfriend Frank is waiting for her. He wants to sail with Eveline to Buenos Ayre s, where they would marry and have their own home, what gives her the chance to start a new life. Arriving at the quay, where the ship is ready to take off, Eveline gets into an inner conflict and doubts the rightness of her decision. Asking god for help and clinging to the railing, she is not able to follow Frank and remains in Dublin.... Free Essays on Eveline In the world of literature there are many complex characters, all that face difficult issues and decisions. Eveline’s character was one of the most complex, and oddest I’ve ever read. I understand that the story took place in a different era, but I felt Eveline should have been stronger and more in control of her life. However the era being Eveline’s age (20+) you were already considered an old woman. I guess one word that I can use describe Eveline would be devotion. Her Devotion to her family was what drove here to stay with her family in the end. Another word would be hardworking, which seem to have been her nature throughout the book. Eveline’s devotion to her family really impressed me. She was so true to making sure everything at home was right, even though most of the time she did it out of fear that her father might hit her. For example in the story her father gave her money to go to the market and buy Sunday dinner, even if it was intentionally done she would go and do it and fast as she could. Eveline would return to home late still having important duties to finish up, but again that was her nature, also making that promise to her mother she couldn’t break. Another point I brought up in my introduction was that eveline was hardworking. Much like her devotion she put 110% into a lot of what she did at home. She had to be a mother to her little brothers making sure they went to school on the regular and got their meals regularly as well. Eveline worked hard and was unappreciated by many of the people around her. Eveline’s character was very interesting to me due to the fact that she did was she felt was right. She followed her heart by keeping the promise she made to her mother. Though the decision of leaving behind her unappreciated life sounded tempting to her, she ultimately realized that was all she had left. In my opinion eveline was a flat character, she was tempted but stayed true to her...
Monday, October 21, 2019
Braveheart Essays
Leadership / Braveheart Essays Leadership / Braveheart Essay Leadership / Braveheart Essay Braveheart Like 12 0 Clock High and Lawrence of Arabia, the characters in Braveheart are engaged in a desperate military campaign against superior forces. In such a situation, the quality of leadership may make a difference between success and failure. As a charismatic leader who draws disparate groups together in support of a cause, the character of William Wallace possesses many similarities to T. E. Lawrence in Lawrence of Arabia and also to Commander Davenport in 12 0 Clock High. The presence of a charismatic leader brings many advantages to an organization, ncluding a passionate base of supporters, but also some disadvantages, as demonstrated by all three films. Charismatic leaders like Wallace and Lawrence may inspire loyalty and attract recruits through the force of their personalities. Both characters make their initial impressions and win the loyalty of the men they eventually lead through acts of bravery, in Lawrences case, or prowess in combat, in Wallaces. While this kind of attention can inspire considerable passion from followers, who can then achieve results that would otherwise seem impossible, such qualifiers for leadership do not lways indicate a capacity for actual strategic thinking or resource management, which can lead to the downfall of the organization. Commander Davenport in 12 0 Clock High was also a charismatic leader who was well-liked by his men. However, his affection was earned through camaraderie, not leadership skills, which resulted in the 918th group suffering high casualty rates and mission failures. Gardner points out that an effective leader can be measured by the extent to which he or she maintains a focus on group objectives. In the case of charismatic eaders like Wallace and Lawrence, the group objective and personal objectives often align. For the character of William Wallace, his personal mission for revenge evolves into the larger goal of Scottish liberation, while Lawrences goal of Arab liberation comes from personal sympathies for the marginalized Arab tribes. However, the weakness of leadership inspired solely by charisma can come from the same source as its strength, meaning that the leaders personal qualities do not necessarily extend to the act of total leadership. For Lawrence, for example, whose personal ego and mbition eventually cloud his perception of the groups fighting under him, the focus on Arab liberation slowly shifts to a focus on self-aggrandizement. While he does win the battle for Damascus and achieves his overall objectives, his inability to objectively evaluate the situation dooms the larger goal of Arab liberation to failure. William Wallace, on the other hand, does not suffer from the same style of weakness. Like Lawrence, however, the appeal based on his personal reputation is very strong among the rank-and-file soldiers, but weaker among those in power with personal stakes of their own. Lawrences men habitually leave the battle when they have accumulated enough money to make the expedition worthwhile because their William Wallace over-estimates his own authority at the battle of Falkirk, where he is betrayed by Lochlan and Mornay, for whom money and power are more important than Scottish independence. Atticus from the film To Kill a Mockingbird makes a similar error, assuming that his personal conviction will be enough to overcome the racist tendencies of the Jury. By contrast, General Savage achieves results leading the 918th partially because he is willing to be personally unpopular and instill unit iscipline, uniting the group around common goals rather than his personality. Another error made by charismatic leaders in these films is the unwillingness to fully trust their managers and leader-managers. Lawrence continually refuses to acknowledge the advice of al-Sharif throughout the film, even though in several instances Sharifs insight would have maintained the cohesion of the Arab fighting units and prevented Lawrence from being arrested and tortured. William Wallace is also often hesitant to delegate responsibility and listen to the counsel of others, specially the more temperate voice of Robert the Bruce. While Roberts naivet? © is mostly responsible for Wallaces capture, his input regarding dealing with the Scottish nobility could have helped avoid the betrayal and losses in the first place. By contrast, General Savage consistently requests the counsel of the officers and managers working under him. While he does not always respond his officers advice, he is often willing to put aside his own prominence in order to be a more effective leader. Charismatic leaders often find themselves as the recipients of fierce loyalty from heir subordinates. However, this loyalty does not always extend to the goals of the organization at large, resting instead on the leadership fgure himself. When this situation arises, the personality flaws of the individual leader become weaknesses for the entire organization, which may also lack the cohesion to follow through on its goals in the leaders absence. William Wallace, Atticus, and T. E. Lawrence all personally failed at their objectives, while the 819th achieved at their objective precisely because the loyalty of the fghting men was to the organization, not the fgure of the leader.
Sunday, October 20, 2019
Subject Of Life Example
Subject Of Life Example Subject Of Life – Coursework Example OF LIFE of Life An inherent value by virtue of life presents the equality for both animals and human beings. Therefore, Tom Regan opposes people’s approaches and the nature of handling animals. Instead, he suggests that people should minimize suffering and strengthen pleasure while treating all living organisms regardless of the associated consequences (Regan, 1985, pp. 1). The respect entails adoption of views such as non-utilitarianism. The overall theme involves experiencing the subject of a life.Experiencing subject of a lifeExperiencing the subject of a life refers to the state whereby a being is more than just a receptacle. The state respects the demands of a conscious creature. The concept illustrates that every organism with an inherent value is equal in all aspects. Therefore, the creatures have a substantial welfare, expectations, and recall events (Regan, 1985, pp. 5). Experiencing life demonstrates in frustrations or satisfactions based on events and treatments tha t beings receive. In turn, it drives differences in the experienced quality of lives. Thus, every living creature deserves a fair and same treatment. Subject of a life and equal inherent valueHolders of life possess equal natural rights. The concept justifies equality in handling of all beings with life including animals. The decision is beyond human debate because inherent values and life do not depend on religion, sex, skills, or intelligence (Regan, 1985, pp. 6). Furthermore, every form of life deserves respect from a moral perspective of the intrinsic values and their specific roles in promoting sustainability. In this regards, violating the rights of the less privileged is a gross misconduct. Animals and rights to freedom and lifeIn the same spirit, animals are living creatures with unusual obligations. The animals also deserve the right to proper treatment and respect. Hence, the concept justifies that even though animals cannot consent, human beings should abolish the misuse of animals in research, science, and agriculture. Animals have the right to freedom and safe habitats. ReferencesRegan, T. (1985). The Case for Animal Rights. In P. Singer, In Defense of Animals (pp. 13-26). New York: Basil Blackwell,
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Death Penalty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Death Penalty - Essay Example The crimes that were punishable by death at this time were numerous unlike in the modern society, which has first degree murder as the major crime punishable by death. Under Hammurabi code, crimes such as adultery, petty robbery cases, wrongful accusation of individuals among others were regarded as capital offenses. This paper is a critical evaluation of death penalty as a component of criminal justice. Death Penalty Death penalty is a punishment in the criminal justice system, which has continued to attract criticism and support from various quarters such as human rights activists, religious groups as well as the society at large. As stated earlier, it is not a new phenomenon unique to the contemporary society as even the ancient societies applied it even though with little regard to human life. In this context, the manner in which it was applied especially in the Babylonian society under King Hammurabi showed that there was little will on the part of the authorities to offer convi cted criminals the chance to redeem themselves and reintegrate with the society (Brians, 1999). However, the contemporary society has tried to rectify this by limiting the punishable crimes to those of high gravity such as murder, genocide, treason among others. On the other hand, some of the countries around the world have decided, through legislation, to ban the death penalty altogether while others have remained adamant and still use it to date. Some of the countries that has banned it include and not limited to Argentina, Spain and Australia while those where it is still considered legal include and not limited to the US, China, Korea, Egypt, Japan among others. In total, it is believed that more than 139 countries worldwide have banned its use. The most conventional methods of execution to date include and not limited to; hanging, being shot by firing squad, electric chair, gas chamber among others (Bedau, 2004). This is in contrast with the ancient methods of execution, which can be termed as primitive, inhumane as they were more bent towards making the convicted criminal experience pain and humiliation. In fact, some sources indicate that such societies believed in the ‘tit for tat’ and the ‘an eye for an eye’ principles. Convicts were either beaten to death, burned alive, crucifixion while others were drowned in water (Brians, 1999). Recidivism is a major concern for proponents of death penalty (McCafferty, 2009). This is the habit of convicted criminals returning into crime once they are released from prison after completing their jail terms. It is for this reason that death penalty is perceived as a permanent way of incapacitating the criminals from ever committing other felonies. Opponents on the other hand claim that instead of killing the culprits, they should be sentenced to life imprisonment without parole. However this may sound convincing, it does not escape the minds of the proponents that jailing a criminal only lim its his or her rights to freedom but this does not mean that they lose contact with the outside world. In this context, it is true to say that the criminals can still plan with the help of accomplices especially where criminal gangs are involved. This may turn out to
Friday, October 18, 2019
Centripetal Force Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Centripetal Force - Lab Report Example t is made sure that the position of the cross arm and radial indicator allows the mass to hang directly over the indicator when the spring is released. The diameter of the shaft and the distance from the shaft to the indicator are then measured and recorded. Hand is then used to spin the shaft until the hanging weight passes directly over the indicator. With the radius held constant, the time taken by 50 revolutions is recorded. From this, frequency of the motion can be determined and hence centripetal force on the mass. To determine the actual force required to stretch the spring enough to hold the weight over the indicator, a string is connected to the mass and passed over to the pulley. Weights are then added to the end of the string until the mass is positioned over the indicator. The value of force obtained will be correct and can be used in calculating the uncertainty in the value of centripetal
News story critique Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
News story critique - Assignment Example To achieve this, the paper will draw evidence from the news article to analyze the framing of the sex research in these news outlets in relation to our studies in class. It is clear that sex research is very significant in the modern society. Indeed, sex research leads to improved sexual behaviors, reduced negative sex outcomes, delayed starting of sexual activity among the youth, increased protection during sex, reduced sexual partners. Moreover, the media frames the sex research to influence mass opinion. Ideally, framing in research refers to how individuals or groups perceive and communicate the reality in the society. In the media, framing of a research topic defines how the media influences the public opinion and such influence may be behavioral or attitudinal. Indeed, Van Gorp establishes that the framing process assesses the impact of the present cultural phenomena in relation to the present social realities. Indeed, sex and sexuality are social realities in our society and a s such, the media frames the research on this topic to the effect of the society. The media frames the sex research in a unique yet convincing manner. The media frames the sex research from a qualified and authorized author. For example, the news article states that the respondent to the research, Dr. Levant is a professor of psychology and director of the Psychology Department Counseling Clinic at the University of Akron (New York Times, 2013). As such, the article asserts that the information therein is reliable and authorized. The article does this to convince the audience in trusting in the information given in the article. More so, the audience is likely to adopt the advice there in due to the authority of the author. The news article also claims that the respondent in these articles has actually taken part in other studies. For example, the article states that Dr. Levant had written other related books that include â€Å"Men and Sex: New Psychological Perspectives (New Yor k Times, 2013).† With this background, the articles can influence the public opinion on the topic sex and sexuality by relying on the information contained in the news articles. Furthermore, the article frames the research by portraying the fact that the society forwarded questions about male sexuality to the professor and such questions represented the sex issues in the entire society. Nevertheless, the article reckons that the professor answered only the questions related to his expertise and thus the society should trust such answers. For example, the articles frame the research by analyzing some of the asked questions, which included how old-single men can date in 2013 (New York Times, 2013). This relates the cultural sex phenomena to the present social reality. The article also addresses the question of sexual health problems that affect many in the society like the inability to maintain an erection or climaxing too soon. The advice to such problems relates to the gene ral society and thus shapes the public opinion on handling such problems. For example, the articles frame the questions and answers of low testosterone, denied sexual activity, and unfaithfulness in sexual affairs (New York Times, 2013). These questions apply to both males and females and their response therefore shapes the public opinion. Moreover, cases of sexual affairs between partners of different ages also suffice in this research. Nevertheless, th
Efficacy of a reading and language intervention for children with Down Research Paper
Efficacy of a reading and language intervention for children with Down syndrome - Research Paper Example  There exist a number of publications about children with Down syndrome as illustrated in this article (Burgoyne et. al., 2012). Most researchers have found out that children with Down syndrome have a learning difficulty, but they can still read despite having varied attainment levels. Such authors include Byrne et al (2002) in their article where they did a comparative study of children with Down syndrome and their mainstream peer. Also reviewed here is a publication of Laws & Gunn, 2002, in their article where they analyzed the relationships between reading, phonological skills and language development in individuals with Down syndrome. After this five-year study, they came up to the same conclusion as Byrne et al. The article also reviews other study interventions put forth for children with Down syndrome. An example is the use of phonics for teaching and reading as elaborated by DCSF (2009), NRP (2000), and Rose (2007). It also highlights the debates that have arisen over the effectiveness of this method. From these publications, features of children with DS are also discussed. For instance, their good visual ability, their stronger ability to recognize words than decode them, as well as their weaknesses in phonological awareness is analyzed. It has also been documented that children with DS have benefited when subjected to reading instructions that compile both phonological awareness as well as reading skills. Cologon et. al. (2011), Goetz et al (2008), and Lemons and Fuchs (2010) documented this.  ... The article also reviews other study interventions put forth for children with Down syndrome. An example is the use of phonics for teaching and reading as elaborated by DCSF (2009), NRP (2000), and Rose (2007). It also highlights the debates that have arisen over the effectiveness of this method. From these publications, features of children with DS are also discussed. For instance, their good visual ability, their stronger ability to recognize words than decode them, as well as their weaknesses in phonological awareness is analyzed. It has also been documented that children with DS have benefited when subjected to reading instructions that compile both phonological awareness as well as reading skills. Cologon et. al. (2011), Goetz et al (2008), and Lemons and Fuchs (2010) documented this. However, they also highlighted that short training hours, small samples of study, and no comparison groups available that are appropriate undermine evidences proving this fact. The fact that langua ge impairment is common among children with DS provided the rationale through which the intervention was conducted. This is according to Abbeduto et. al. (2007), where the authors analyzed language development in children with DS step by step from pre linguistic period till they acquired literacy in terms of language. This article also reviews the other interventions put forth in improving learning skills in children with Down syndrome. An example is the Triangle model as documented by Seidenberg and McClelland, 1989. This triangle model was mainly for recognition of words, and enabled the children to link orthography with word meanings by making use of semantic pathway. Also elaborated are the factors that
Thursday, October 17, 2019
Construction Contract Law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1
Construction Contract Law - Research Paper Example Joint Contracts Tribunal (J.C.T), on the other hand, refers to another family of contracts custom-built for complex and large construction projects. This contract legally binds all the stakeholders working on the project from the employer to all the contracted individuals in the project (Rowlinson 2011, p. 4). Construction engineers are often at a crossroads when picking either of the two families of contracts. The differences are quite clear starting with the administrator or project manager of the project. In this essay will compare the two families of contracts to determine which is superior. The two contractual families, despite achieving similar results, have different approaches in handling a project’s stakeholders. The first major difference is how both contracts handle a project’s programme. The NEC contract, for instance, follows the last accepted programme in timing compensation (Eggleston & Eggleston 2006, p. 9). This Accepted Programme refers to the programme identified by the contract or the programme approved by the project manager. Once the project manager approves the latest programme, this programme will supersede all previous programmes. In the JCT 2011 contract, the master programme refers to the critical paths that the project must undergo during the course of the programme. In contrast to the NEC programme, the JCT 2011 programme is amendable during the course of the project (Chappell 2012, p. 62). The amendment period usually spans 14 days and the contractor is the one tasked with making the appropriate amendments. The second difference between the two contracts is the handling of time extension. The JCT contract, according to clause 2.27, states that delays that might occur during the Works the contractor is tasked with giving notice to the contract administrator (Chappell 2012, p. 38). The contractor is required to state the material circumstances that led to the causation of the delay. If an
Engineering Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Engineering Ethics - Essay Example The suicide prevention devices develop the bridges’ and the skyscrapers’ ability to reduce suicide attempts. The engineers are required to perform their daily duties with excellent competence in order to scientifically manage and maintain rapid traffic flow from reducing by onlookers observing a suicide scene. Suicide scenes normally slow down traffic. Excellent competency in this area includes the compulsory duty of going out of one’s way to ensure the approval and acquisition of the suicide safety devices. Excellent competence includes the engineers’ required task of explaining the many benefits of purchasing the suicide prevention devices to the people having the financial ability to pay for the high-value suicide prevention devices.In addition, the engineers must issue statements in an objective and truthful manner; the engineers must state that the suicide prevention devices are needed for the company to prevent the further loss of lives as well as da mage to property. The engineers should convince the financial sponsors of the suicide prevention devices that the high cost of the suicide prevention devices is minimal compared to preventing the continued trespassing on the property. The engineers will convince the financial sponsors that the suicide prevention devices it would less costly to buy the suicide prevention devices compared to damages that will translate to damages on the bridges and other possible high places where a person can jump off to one’s immediate death.’s immediate death. The engineers should act in a professional manner for every employer or client and to avoid conflicts of interest. Professional manner includes informing the employer that the suicide prevention devices are compulsory equipment that will increase the use capacity of the bridges, roads, and other high buildings to reduce the suicide rate in the area. In addition, the
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
Efficacy of a reading and language intervention for children with Down Research Paper
Efficacy of a reading and language intervention for children with Down syndrome - Research Paper Example  There exist a number of publications about children with Down syndrome as illustrated in this article (Burgoyne et. al., 2012). Most researchers have found out that children with Down syndrome have a learning difficulty, but they can still read despite having varied attainment levels. Such authors include Byrne et al (2002) in their article where they did a comparative study of children with Down syndrome and their mainstream peer. Also reviewed here is a publication of Laws & Gunn, 2002, in their article where they analyzed the relationships between reading, phonological skills and language development in individuals with Down syndrome. After this five-year study, they came up to the same conclusion as Byrne et al. The article also reviews other study interventions put forth for children with Down syndrome. An example is the use of phonics for teaching and reading as elaborated by DCSF (2009), NRP (2000), and Rose (2007). It also highlights the debates that have arisen over the effectiveness of this method. From these publications, features of children with DS are also discussed. For instance, their good visual ability, their stronger ability to recognize words than decode them, as well as their weaknesses in phonological awareness is analyzed. It has also been documented that children with DS have benefited when subjected to reading instructions that compile both phonological awareness as well as reading skills. Cologon et. al. (2011), Goetz et al (2008), and Lemons and Fuchs (2010) documented this.  ... The article also reviews other study interventions put forth for children with Down syndrome. An example is the use of phonics for teaching and reading as elaborated by DCSF (2009), NRP (2000), and Rose (2007). It also highlights the debates that have arisen over the effectiveness of this method. From these publications, features of children with DS are also discussed. For instance, their good visual ability, their stronger ability to recognize words than decode them, as well as their weaknesses in phonological awareness is analyzed. It has also been documented that children with DS have benefited when subjected to reading instructions that compile both phonological awareness as well as reading skills. Cologon et. al. (2011), Goetz et al (2008), and Lemons and Fuchs (2010) documented this. However, they also highlighted that short training hours, small samples of study, and no comparison groups available that are appropriate undermine evidences proving this fact. The fact that langua ge impairment is common among children with DS provided the rationale through which the intervention was conducted. This is according to Abbeduto et. al. (2007), where the authors analyzed language development in children with DS step by step from pre linguistic period till they acquired literacy in terms of language. This article also reviews the other interventions put forth in improving learning skills in children with Down syndrome. An example is the Triangle model as documented by Seidenberg and McClelland, 1989. This triangle model was mainly for recognition of words, and enabled the children to link orthography with word meanings by making use of semantic pathway. Also elaborated are the factors that
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
Engineering Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Engineering Ethics - Essay Example The suicide prevention devices develop the bridges’ and the skyscrapers’ ability to reduce suicide attempts. The engineers are required to perform their daily duties with excellent competence in order to scientifically manage and maintain rapid traffic flow from reducing by onlookers observing a suicide scene. Suicide scenes normally slow down traffic. Excellent competency in this area includes the compulsory duty of going out of one’s way to ensure the approval and acquisition of the suicide safety devices. Excellent competence includes the engineers’ required task of explaining the many benefits of purchasing the suicide prevention devices to the people having the financial ability to pay for the high-value suicide prevention devices.In addition, the engineers must issue statements in an objective and truthful manner; the engineers must state that the suicide prevention devices are needed for the company to prevent the further loss of lives as well as da mage to property. The engineers should convince the financial sponsors of the suicide prevention devices that the high cost of the suicide prevention devices is minimal compared to preventing the continued trespassing on the property. The engineers will convince the financial sponsors that the suicide prevention devices it would less costly to buy the suicide prevention devices compared to damages that will translate to damages on the bridges and other possible high places where a person can jump off to one’s immediate death.’s immediate death. The engineers should act in a professional manner for every employer or client and to avoid conflicts of interest. Professional manner includes informing the employer that the suicide prevention devices are compulsory equipment that will increase the use capacity of the bridges, roads, and other high buildings to reduce the suicide rate in the area. In addition, the
Guns, Testosterone, and Aggression Essay Example for Free
Guns, Testosterone, and Aggression Essay Hypothesis: Can aggression be increased by the presence of weapons in the environment and by the hormone testosterone. Research Method Used: Experimental design and correlational study Test Subjects/ Participants: The test subjects were thirty male college students ranging from the ages 18 and 22 Variables that are being examined: The variables that are being examined are aggression, and testosterone levels How they are operationally defined and measure: The subject’s aggression was operationally defined by the amount of hot sauce in grams that they poured into the cup of water, it was measured on a scale. The testosterone levels were defined by the difference in the saliva from time 1 and time 2 briefly, what procedure was employed: Before the experiment begun both the experimental and the control group were asked to give a 6-ml sample of their saliva, which was used to measure their starting testosterone levels. The subjects were then placed in similar rooms with a particular item on a table. For the experimental group, the particular item was a pellet gun identical in size, shape and feel too a Desert Eagle handgun. The Control subjects object was the children’s game Mouse Trap. Subjects were then told to handle the objects for 15 minutes and other tasks pertaining to the object. After the 15 minutes were over another saliva sample was taken. The subject was then told to take a sip of water with a single drop of hot sauce. The subject was then told that the sample had been prepared by a previous subject and to rate the taste of the sample on a provided scale. The subject was then told to create a sample for the next subject by placing as much hot sauce in the water that they wanted but was assured that neither the next subject nor the experimenter would know how much hot sauce they put in it. Lastly the subjects had to watch a relaxing video of nature scenes and classical music. What were the results: The subjects who interacted with the handgun showed a greater increase in testosterone from the 1st saliva sample to the 2nd sample. Also subjects who interacted with the gun added more hot sauce to the water meaning that interacting with the gun increased aggressive behavior. Lastly the amount of hot sauce placed in the cup was positively correlated with changes in testosterone level.
Monday, October 14, 2019
Influences on Child Stages of Development
Influences on Child Stages of Development Samra Saleem Unit 2: Understanding and Promoting Children’s Development In this assessment I will be describing the expected pattern of children’s development. I will be analysing how personal and external factors can influence a child’s development, the reasons why children’s development may not follow the expected patter and why early intervention is important when delays in development are suspected. Children’s development will usually follow an expected pattern; however children will develop at their own rate and in their own time. Understanding the pattern of child development can help to identify children who may have delays in their development and require additional support. I will be looking at child development and will be looking into Physical Development Cognitive Development Communication Development Social and Emotional Development Moral Development Physical development: physical development looks at how children attain physical movements. Physical movements are split into three different skills. Gross Motor Skills is the movement of larger limbs, for example using your arms or legs. Fine Motor Skills is when smaller movements are obtained such as using your hands to hold things and Locomotive Skill is when there are full body movements such as walking or running which requires the whole body to move. The following the expected stages of development in physical development for children: 0-6 months: at this stage babies are able to lift and turn their heads and growth and height from their time of birth. Baby’s weight may drop after birth will be gained quickly. 12-18 months: during this stage most children will develop strength in their legs and will begin to stand up without the help of another person and start walking. 3-5 years: at this stage children will be able to co-ordinate their movements. They are also gaining more control of their fine manipulative skills and are more competent in using material and scissors. 7-9 years: at this age children’s fine and gross motor skills are now well developed and they are continuing to grow in height. You will begin to notice that the child is able to write better and neater and have the ability of stability in their hands. 11-13 years: at this stage children will most likely go through puberty. This is when the child’s body will go through different stages of sexual maturation. Cognitive Development: this area of development looks at a child’s intellectual development, the way in which the brain processes information. Cognitive skills include memory, problem solving and imagination. 0-6 months: at this stage babies can recognise the sounds and smells of their mother and will be aware of their surroundings. 12-18 months: at this stage babies are becoming more aware of their routine for the day. At this age babies are able to play with more complex toys. 3-5 years: at this stage children’s concentration is growing in activities they enjoy and show a like into the activities which they would prefer. 7-9 years: at this stage children’s academic skills are developing and writing and reading become easier. At this age children will be able to take tasks such as problems solving and putting their skills into practice. 11-13 years: children are able to reason more and can solve more complex problems. Communication Development: this area of development looks at the way that children learn to communicate. Communication development includes reading and writing, verbal communication and non-verbal communication, such as gestures and body language. Even before children can say their first words, they are already capable of understanding a great deal of language. 0-6 months: at this stage new born babies communicate their needs by crying. Babies will start getting your attention when needed my makes sounds and acknowledge others by smiling. Babies at this age will also be able to differentiate between their parents and others voices. 12-18 months: by this age babies will be able to replace their blabbering with some simple vocabulary. 3-5 years: at this stage children’s vocabulary is continuing to increase and their speech will now be recognisable to most adult’s. at this age you will find that children are much more aware of their surroundings and how things happen, therefore they will start asking questions regarding incidents. 7-9 years: by this age children are able to communicate properly and hold full conversations and also the skills of writing and reading has also extended by this age. 11-13 years: at this stage children now have developed good reading and writing skills, with grammar becoming more accurate in written communication; therefore they will have the ability to write out sentences in the right structure. Social and Emotional Development: this area of development looks at children’s development of feelings and self-identity as well as the formation of relationships. This area of development also covers behaviour a child understanding what behaviour is acceptable and social skills such as feeding themselves. From when a baby is born and to their early childhood there are many changes which they undergo. 0-6 months: at these early years the babies will be able to establish a close relationship with their main carer and will settle in for feeding and for comfort from that individual. As the baby gets a little older he/she will begin to smile and show enjoyment in activities 12-18 months: at this stage the babies are likely to experience anxiety when separated from their carer and have fear of any strangers. Children in this age group start showing significant amount of interest in other children. 3-5 years: at this age children will begin to take more interest in other children around them and also engage themselves into play activities with them. 7-9 years: by this age children are going through the stage of making good friends which is a very important factor in a child’s life stage. 11-13 years: there will be a lot more changes in a child’s life at this stage as they are getting ready to move to high school. This could be a tough time for a child as they may need to leave old friends whom they may have a good relationship with and the thought of going into a new environment may stress them out as they will need to make new friends. Moral Development: this area of development is strongly linked to social an emotional development and covers the choices and decisions that children and young people make. The development of morality also covers how children react and behave towards other people and the principles and attitudes they adopt. 3-5 years: at this stage of development children are most likely to have difficulty in understanding what is considered as right and wrong choices and actions. 7-9 years: by this stage children will appreciate if they are given duties and responsibilities as by now they know what is expected of them. 11-13 years: at this age children will have an expanded understanding about the importance of why rules and boundaries are set and how to effectively follow them. A child’s development is shaped by both personal and external factors. The following are some of the factors which influence a child’s development. Personal factors Problems during pregnancy and birth: a child’s development occurs as soon as conception is taken place as soon as the egg and sperm meet. This is when the generic information for that child is determined. A well-known condition known as down syndrome is a condition caused when there is an extra chromosome present. This condition causes delays in a child’s development through learning difficulties and heart problems. babies can also be effected by their mother behaviour and attitude during pregnancy. For mothers who smoke, take drugs and consume alcohol during their pregnancy can have a high risk and harm their baby. Birth experiences can also have an influence on a child’s development. Babies who are born prematurely may have delays in their development process as well as babies who do not breathe instantly at birth could suffer from lack of oxygen to their brain and body. Health: a child’s health can also be determined by their generic factors. Factors su ch as poor health can effect a child’s development and strain physical strength. Disabilities: generic factors at birth could also lead to babies having disabilities and health conditions which they are born with. These disabilities and health issues will affect their development process. External factors Poverty: there is increasing numbers of children who are experiencing poverty. 1 in 4 children is experiencing poverty in the UK and is said to be increasing my 2020. This number relates to the relative poverty than the absolute poverty. Relative poverty is a comparison of income compared to the average income off households. These are requirements needed to live a daily life from the materialistic things and the personal possessions. Absolute poverty is a lack of basic human needs including food, shelter, warmth, sanitation, health care and education. A balanced diet in a child’s growth is very crucial for their development. Families who may not be able to afford much may end up buying cheap food which contains harmful substances for a child’s diet. These foods are often full of saturated fats, salt and sugar and consuming large amounts of these foods can lead obesity and malnutrition in children. Consumptions of such foods can result in the children being hyperactive and lethargic. Those who live in poor housing conditions may suffer from conditions such as asthma due to cold and damp housing conditions. Family backgrounds and ethics have a really important part in a child’s development as children will watch and learn from their parents and other family’s members whom they are around. As children grow older they will find themselves in situations where they will need to make decisions on their own. Negative pressure from friends could lead to a negative decision and action taken by the child. Emotional influences: children will succeed when their emotional needs are met and when they feel happy and secure. Physical reasons: a child’s physical growth can affect its overall development. If a child is suffering from difficulties in their growth this could lead to their physical development being affected too. Environmental factors: external influences such as their family structure and the education which they receive could also have an impact on a child’s development. Cultural reasons: all cultures hold different beliefs and values about their children’s upbringing. The difference in being treated due to your sex could play a part on a child’s development negatively. Social influences: family structures and lifestyle has been seen to influence a lot on a child’s development. For those children who see their parents going through a separation or divorce may be effected negatively and undergo stress. Disability: there are many disabilities a nd conditions that a child can be born with or develop. Each of these will affect a child in a different way and will impact to changing levels on their learning and development. Early intervention If a child has been suspected of having a delay in their development, at this stage it is very important to identify exactly what support is needed and receive appropriate help and support for the overall development of the child. Identifying these delays early enables the child to overcome the difficulties and develop in the area where support is needed. If conditions and development factors are identified within a child then there is an opportunity to get receiving support from the Early years childcare settings. Children attending these settings will be assigned to a key worker who is responsible for that child. The child will closely be observed and any areas of concern will be highlighted.
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